Total drag and its variation with altitude Essay Example

Absolute drag and its variety with elevation Paper The condition for all out drag is: D = CD x S x ? rV2 (Preston, R) where, CD is the coefficient of drag. It must be partitioned into two sections, the Cdi (Coefficient of incited drag) and CDp (Coefficient of parasite drag. ). In this way it very well may be composed as: D = (Cdi + Cdp) x S x ? rV2 (Preston, R) The planes complete drag decides the measure of push required at a given velocity. Push must approach haul in consistent flight. Lift and drag change straightforwardly with the thickness of the air. As air thickness builds, lift and drag increment and as air thickness diminishes, lift and drag decline. In this way, both lift and drag will diminish at higher heights. Fig 1 shows the complete drag bend which speaks to haul against speed of the article. The fuel-stream versus speed chart for an air diagram is gotten from this chart, and for the most part glances as appeared in Fig 2 From the above drag it is seen that the all out drag is least at a specific speed. This happens when the parasitic drag is equivalent to the initiated drag. Underneath this speed prompted drag rules, or more this speed parasite drag overwhelms. Configuration engineers are keen on limiting the all out drag. Lamentably numerous elements may struggle. We will compose a custom article test on Total drag and its variety with height explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Total drag and its variety with elevation explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Total drag and its variety with elevation explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer For instance, longer wing length decreases initiated drag, yet the bigger frontal zone for the most part implies a higher coefficient of parasite drag. Then again, a high wing stacking (I. e. a little wing) with a little perspective proportion creates the most minimal conceivable parasite drag however sadly is the produces for a great deal of incited drag. In ongoing time it is seen that fly carriers have longer wings, to diminish incited drag, and afterward fly at higher elevations to decrease the parasite drag. This causes no improvement in streamlined effectiveness, yet the higher elevations do bring about increasingly productive motor activity. (Preston, R) Angle of Attack (AOA), is the edge between the wing and the relative breeze. Everything else being costant, an expansion in AOA brings about an expansion in lift. This expansion proceeds until the slow down AOA is arrived at then the pattern inverts itself and an increment in AOA brings about diminished lift. The pilot utilizes the lifts to change the approach until the wings produce the lift fundamental for the ideal move. Other than AOA different factors likewise add to the creation of lift, similar to relative breeze speed and air thickness I. e. temperature and height. Changing the size or state of the wing (bringing down the folds) will likewise change the creation of lift. Velocity is completely important to deliver lift. On the off chance that there is no wind current past the wing, no air can be occupied descending. At low velocity, the wing must fly at a high AOA to occupy enough air descending to create satisfactory lift. As velocity expands, the wing can fly at lower AOAs to deliver the required lift. This is the reason planes flying moderately moderate must be nose high (like an aircraft not long before landing or similarly as it takes off) yet at high velocities fly with the fuselage genuinely level. The key is that the wings dont need to occupy quick moving air down about as much as they do to slow moving air. Air thickness additionally adds to the wings capacity to deliver lift. This is showed basically in an expansion in height, which diminishes air thickness. As the thickness diminishes, the wing must push a more noteworthy volume of air descending by flying quicker or push it down more enthusiastically by expanding the approach. This is the reason airplane that fly extremely high should either go exceptionally quick e. g. Mach 3, or must have an extremely enormous wing for its weight. This is the reason the enormous traveler planes voyage at higher elevation to decrease drag, and thus save money on the roll costs. (â€Å"Aircraft for Amateurs†, 1999) Small measured airplanes have lower than ordinary Reynolds number. The drag coefficient owing to skin grinding is subsequently higher for the little airplane. Therefore, the most extreme lift-drag proportions normal for business fly airplane will in general be lower than those of the huge vehicles. Consequently, the littler flights can fly at generally lower heights. References Books John A. Roberson Clayton T. Crowe, 1997, Engineering liquid Mechanics, sixth ed. , John Weily Sons Inc., ISBN 0-471-14735-4. Forebearing Klienstreuer, 1997, Engineering Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-49670-5 Websites â€Å"Aircraft for Amateurs†, eleventh Jan. 1999 http://www. fas. organization/man/dod-101/sys/air conditioning/introduction. htm Benson, T. , â€Å"The Beginner’s manual for Aeronautics†. , fourteenth March 2006 http://www. grc. nasa. gov/WWW/K-12//plane/Johnston, D. , â€Å"Drag†, http://www. centennialofflight. gov/paper/Theories_of_Flight/drag/TH4. htm â€Å"Parasitic Drag†, http://adg. stanford. edu/aa241/drag/parasitedrag. html Preston, R. , â€Å"Total Drag† and â€Å"Flight Controls†, http://selair. selkirk. bc. ca/aerodynamics1/

ClearCutting Of Forests Essay Research Paper ClearCutting free essay sample

Away from Of Forests-Essay, Research Paper Away from of Forests- In the previous three decennaries universes has cleared over a large portion of the Earth s unique woods. The solitary states remaining that still hold significant nations of unique woods are Russia, Brazil, and Canada ( Staff. 1997 ) . Such destruction has happened over these couple of mature ages as a result of obvious logging being drilled all around the universe. In the first place, Loggers permit no clasp for re-forestation. In short, trees are being chopped down quicker than they can be re-planted. Second, clear-cutting speeds up disintegrating and causes avalanches, which are to a great extent caused from course structure and use. Third, BC compensates for 74 % of Canada s land agonizing warm blooded creatures and 70 % of social polish feathered creatures ( Staff. 1997 ) . In this way so as to secure these vitalize creatures, clear-cutting must end. Obvious signing in British Columbia must be canceled. Huge scope clear-slicing must be ended to let individuals to re-plant woods. Reforestation is go oning in BC, yet non quick bounty. Twelve mature ages back Mount Paxton was completely freed from all trees and bushs that developed there ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) , non one tree was missed. Slip-up heaped upon mistake when Mount Paxton was logged. Says moderate, Mark Haddock, of Forest Policy Watch. Interfor [ logging organization that cleared Mount Paxton ] initially cut the mid-zone, and when a support strip along the sea started to blow down, the backwoods administration had the strip logged. At that point a cut fire got crazy and consumed the top. Under the guidelines of the twenty-four hours, the backwoods administration requested Interfor so log the rest of, two pleas by the organization that the slope was steep, bouldery and shaky to take a shot at. Lumbermans must be brought on ropes down to cut the 40-meter-tall trees. Is it any reverence downpours washed the uncovered soils off? ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) A short time later, no 1 tried to re-plant on Mount Paxton. It s waterfront side, presented to weave and downpour, remains au naturel to this extremely twenty-four hours. It was a natural disaster, Gordon Hamilton reviews: As our chopper moved toward Mount Paxton from the Pacific, we chief saw the au naturel top, an old logging course seeable over its face like a still new cicatrix. Avalanches cleared descending from [ logging ] streets like cryings. At that point we saw metempsychosis on the lower slant, where the second developing as of now shapes a thick front of green. At the point when we arrived at that place, on the extra of an old logging course, the new wood on either side was about impervious. In this manner on the top, we took note re-forestation has been less fruitful. Slacco [ Ric Slacco, Forest Stocks primary Forester ] noted solid gradual developing on the shorter and less army trees, a positive imprint. The zenith will recoup, he estimate. Haddock said he saw denotes that a great part of the meager earth had washed downhill. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) Haddock areas that While it is genuine trees are returning, it will be a very long time before a wood as organically rich as the old 1 returns on Mount Paxton ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) . In spite of the new developing, the mountain despite everything remains as an estate of everything off base with the way BC s woods were logged each piece late as a decennary prior. It other than offers a recorded as a hard copy cautioning of the perils of signing on steep beach front grades where each piece much as seven meters of downpour a twelvemonth can unleash disorder on the territory. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) . For assumed mistakes, similar to Mount Paxton, to neer re-happen, obvious logging must stop. Clear-cutting in BC wounds ecological qualities. As a result of whole logging, all the trees have been gathered, hence following in land slides. The underlying foundations of the immense tree s festering and cause precariousness in the soil. This deterioration of the roots can do slides each piece huge as three hectares that can do devastation to close by humble communities, contaminate waterways, and as far as possible all the earth off more extreme pieces of mountains doing it unthinkable for trees to turn. An incredible supporter of this enormous figure of landslides, are logging streets. The tire grooves from logging trucks in these streets get so profound that they can go the boss conduit supplanting the trench along the edge of the course, in this way resulting in all the more disintegrating. Confronted with a deficiency of logging favors, organizations are developing streets and signing on them inside an issue of months, before the streets have a chance to balance out. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 16 ) . These untimely streets, alluded to as green streets, every now and again can non oppose substantial gear thundering over them without transforming into an ocean of earth, which at long last makes its way to waterways. On the off chance that pink-orange happen to be close by, the residue can encompass causing beds. Chilliwack Forest District chief, Jerry Kennah, had this to state on the issue of green streets: When you are compelled to sign on a course that s been worked inside the last six to eight months, you can get this sort of action [ sloppy streets ] . In the event that we had more clasp, had the programs in topographic point, had everything affirmed and have the streets manufactured 18 months in progress, you wouldn t get this. Be that as it may, unfortunately, in a few condition of affairss, organizations are trusting that the accompanying permit will come out or else their lumbermans are through after hebdomad. They return home except if we get something out of the workplace for them. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 16 ) . Jack Munro, seat of the professional business Forest Alliance of BC voiced It shouldn t be go oning [ using green streets ] . The streets need at any rate two mature ages to settle ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 16 ) . In the event that temporary workers realize they are building a course that will be in use truly soon after structure, they can take stairss to ensure stores wear T buoy to the surface and wash into waterways. Woods Products head Forester, Ric Slacco communicates his sentiments about a course structure procedure called side-throwing: This is wrong. It shouldn Ts have occurred, and it is non something we would pardon as a worthy design. Side-throwing is where exhumed stuff is only performers over the side of the mountain, where its weight can incredibly lead to slant disappointment. Streams, not, at this point directed by the woodland screen, turn in power, flushing out everything except for the biggest stones from their beds. Side slants collapse, adding to the mischief. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 14 ) . For these ecological qualities to be saved, unmistakable logging must stop. The ecological qualities that are demolished are other than the spots of the winged creatures, quicken creatures, and creepy crawlies that live in the forested areas. Clear-slicing must end to ensure invigorate creatures in BC. In the Nahmint Valley, 20kms West of Port Alberny, numerous types of creepy crawlies and enliven creatures lose their supplement and places. Clear-cutting has caused woods to go so withered that animals that before were blasting, are presently being selected for the jeopardized species list. Substantial logging [ and runing ] have disposed of two of six elk races ; others have been worried going to termination. Just a small amount of virgin woods on open terrains in the United States and Canada is totally ensured. A place that wood cutting favors such vivify creatures by expanding shrubbery also, leaf along timberland fringes has drawn expanding difficulties from inquire about specialists. Late surveies demonstrate that a few animal categories, for example, the Roosevelt moose and Black-followed cervid, need the tempering microclimate of old developing to procure through summers warmth and winters cold. ( Findley, R. 1990, pg.108 ) . A jeopardized feathered creature of quarry, the Accipiter gentilis, was discovered late to have been populating a nation in the Nahmint Valley, and may go wiped out if the nation keeps on being cleared. Orchestrating to Smith It s the legitimate outline of logical order versus political relations. We have logical order that Reveals to us we need to make certain things to secure natural life thus we hold political relations that says it must non sway the pace of cut in light of the fact that the timberland industry is bring forthing gross for the specialists. ( Hamilton, G. 1997, October 15 ) . Water defiled from the earth slides imperils the lives of salmon, and steelhead trout. Moreover, it is unfortunate for the moose, bears, and other enliven creatures who drink at these conduits. For these animalistic s supplement to be saved, and their places be secured, particular logging must stop. Obvious signing in British Columbia must be canceled. Backwoods must be permitted clasp to reestablish. With everything taken into account grown-up male must help by seting new trees where old developing is cut. People groups must use more carefulness in applying their dangerous logging designs, which in twist are generally hurtful to nature. Lumbermans must happen an proxy tree procuring strategy to clear-cutting. Despite the fact that it might take longer and be somewhat more costly, grown-up male must create a strategy that won Ts entirely obliterate a nation of land which, to many vivify creatures, is place. Human presences must let vitalize creatures to hold plentifulness of accessible supplement, and a simple spot to occur. Every single quicken being will in no time go jeopardized or be headed to annihilation if non offered unending to blast. Today in BC, 190,000 hectares of woodland are unmistakable each twelvemonth. A outcome of 10,000 mature ages of post-frosty action, is being unmistakable. Except if individuals make a move now, half of all the unprotected flawless downpour woodland vales will h

Pizza Hut Data analysis

Pizza Hut Data investigation Presentation Prior parts have made way for doing of this examination. This section expands on the past ones by revealing the aftereffects of the information investigation. The essential information gathered through meetings and survey is introduced in charts alongside investigation and discoveries. From these investigation scientists will have the option to continue towards end and suggestion. Subjective Data investigation This piece of section will examine the meetings led with pizza cabin the executives. Procedure Importance To discover and examine system arranging and its significance scientist posed inquiries from Pizza hovel the board ‘What was the vital arranging behind ERP (MICROS)’ and ‘What were the primary targets behind ERP (MICROS), and Is Pizza cottage as an association ready to accomplish those objectives?’. In answer to these inquiries Operational help administrator answered. Key arrangement behind ERP framework was to be a market head in inexpensive food advertise and to give amazing client assistance through ERP usage. As per Operational help supervisor and zone directors of pizza cabin the goals behind ERP were to maintain the business all the more productively, better item quality and client support, improved monetary techniques through constant figures and successful advertising through client data. (Sledge champy, 1993) introduced hypothesis of business process reengineering, in their hypothesis they clarified that extremely fundamental reconsidering and basic transforming of business procedures to acquire wonderful upgrades in current execution is called business process reengineering. Sledge additionally depicted data innovation is the significant factor to help BPR. Pizza cottage the executives recognized ERP frameworks are over the top expensive to introduce. The difficult work completed after establishment as well as association need to accomplish more to oversee them. So to do this Pizza cottage required a firm solid system. As indicated by (Porter, 1996) basically we have no clue what is procedure and how we can assemble a decent solid technique. In any case, then again Whittington and Mintzberg assisted with giving the devices for technique making. Pizza cabin operational help supervisors answer indicated that pizza cottage technique is pre-arranged where as an association pizza hovel the board consider not exclusively to introduce ERP yet they additionally had taken care of establishment stage and ERP the executives. Next to this some specific targets requests for a solid and firm methodology. (Bendoly, 2005) Informed that each time associations dealing with ERP ventures they ought to have corporate level methodology for ERP. Not at all like Mintzberg rising way of thinking where he featured that in association ordinarily individuals don’t think about methodology and certain technique formed into system. (Robert Norton, 2008) made intereting point he said both procedure and opertional approachs assists with limiting danger and oversee chance. Operational director, territory administrator and head supervisors all are concur that the fundamental system is development in deal like earliar Operational help chief said the technique arranging behind ERP was to get most extreme offer in cheap food market and client support through ERP. (Watchman and Millar, 1985) clarified corporate level methodology intends to make whole organisatin prepared for development and data frameworks assumes crucial job in this procedure that is the reason ERP are basic for upper hand. As indicated by pizza hovel the board they can accomplish their objective and as an association they are developing. Territory supervisor revleas that pizza hovel in 2007 sold 35.4 million pizzas in the UK and pizza cabin serve more than 97,000 pizzas and 171,000 clients every day at pizza cottage UK. Generally speaking offer of Pizza cottage is more than  £600 million in the wake of introducing MICROS. Cheshunt senior supervisor educated that the client objections are dropped to 2 to 4 protests for each quarter where before MICROS figures were 10 to 12. Reseacher additionally attempted to discover the difficulties looked by pizza cottage the board. So the fundamental motivation behind this inquiry was to findout the troubles and difficulties looked by pizza cottage the executives during usage. ‘What issues did you experience during implementation’. In answer to this inquiry activities bolster chief stated, in spite of the fact that they had pre plans for ERP(MICROS) still they confronted bunches of difficulties and issues. The primary huge test was cost, MICROS whole bundle was over the top expensive to purchase and actualize. In the wake of introducing MICROS the second greatest challenage was to change representatives mentality and association culture. (Bendoly, 2005) made intriguing focuses with regards to ERP usage, he clarified after establishment more often than not emplyoee don't have accept on data which ERP framework give. Workers don't have significance of data, that that it is so critical to place exact data into the framework. Bendloy contended representative assume significant job in effective execution. Pizza cottage zone supervisors likewise disclosed that to over come workers conduct and to reveal to them that it is so imperative to put exact data for better investigation and information pizza hovel ran a dominanting preparing program. Which assisted with beating this issue. Head supervisors concurs that the preparation imporved representatives execution and staff begin to take legitimate telephone no, client data and request data and bolster administrators begin performing every day check as indicated by the methods. (Kling Iacono, 1984) contended that acquaintance of innovation with association regularly delivers open doors for supervisors to change the manner in which they control laborers. Cheshunt senior supervisor told in start the MICROS help work area was not useful enough. (Kalling, 2003) additionally called attention to ERP frameworks are more than introducing programming programs. He explained ERP framework usage trigger change in whole association. So administrators need to think distinctively to oversee change. He further contended that ERP and business process re building is connected with one another. Southgate head supervisor reacted it was difficult to oversee change coming up. It is hard to change workers outlook and to convience them on new methods. Preparing assumes significant job yet it is time taking procedure. (Frenzel, 1992) likewise recognized that change the executives is definitely not a simple procedure. It is a major test in the executives zone. Reseacher discovered Strategy making assumes significant job in association development. It assists with assessing hazard and to glance forward in future. ERP assumes significant job to accomplish system targets by improving association efficency and client information. ERP execution isn't just programming usage yet it triggers change in organisation.Proper arranging and technique to oversee change assists with beating diverse change issues. Effect on tasks Analyst posed this inquiry from pizza hovel the executives to discover ERP sway on association activities and this likewise was center inquiry of meeting. ‘What is the effect of ERP (MICROS) on activity the board after implementation?’ In react to this inquiry Operation bolster chief clarified in the wake of actualizing MICROS pizza cottage correspondence is improved by means of intranet and administrators can have ongoing figures in fast time. This encourages them to improve speed, dynamic procedure, nature of item and client assistance. In the wake of introducing ERP (MICROS) pizza hovel can store client data. Activity bolster supervisor clarified about new term in pizza hovel â€Å"Every second counts† because of MICROS. (Mintzberg, 1991) additionally support this as per him the most significant thing in nowadays an association can have is its information. Associations consistently continue moving starting with one course then onto the next for better productivity and advancement. North Area chief recognized MICROS assists with estimating for future in the light of customer’s past request conduct. MICROS took most recent a month and a half deals and client example to furnish gauge with such a detail where supervisors can discover top and off pinnacle times even on hourly premise. It help supervisors to improve planning, cost of deals. (Mata, Fuerst, barney, 1995) represented that asset base hypothesis requests association I.T assets ought to have wide extension in association divisions. Zone supervisor descried through MICROS pizza cabin the board can control on squander. Since smart guaging permit supervisors to plan as indicated by request this assists with cutting expense of deals. Southgate head supervisor further clarified that planning is increasingly precise this leads towards better expense of work. As indicated by pizza cabin territory trough MICROS help to have â€Å"Right individuals at right place†. By cutting expense of deals and cos t of work through productive systems we can augment benefit. (Doorman, 1996) characterizes operational proficiency as performing hierarchical capacities superior to contenders. He further clarified operational proficiency leads towards minimal effort. South entryway head supervisors answer was continuation of watchman hypothesis. He additionally recognized MICROS help to give under 3, under 14, under 30 figures which help supervisors to check the request preparing at various levels so they can discover the difficult zone. Grays senior supervisor uncovered that after usage they have better pre-prep plan. This spares time and speed up. Clients improve item and administration. (Deming, 1986) introduced a framework where he said to improve quality (Plan, do, check, act). He accepts by following this grouping we can improve quality. Operational help chief Operational help chief distinguished the huge advance towards web based requesting framework MICROS]offer pizza hovel clients web based requesting office. It is significant accomplishments to improve client care, acquire exactness and speed request preparing. (Jashapara, 2004) called attention to that associations prime goal is to give items and administrations which can satisfy clients

Personality Theory Analysis Paper Role of Personality - 1100 Words

Personality Theory Analysis Paper: Role of Personality in Affecting Situational Behaviour (Research Paper Sample) Content: Personality Theory AnalysisNameInstitution AffiliationDate of SubmissionLearning Personality Theories and Dispositional Personality TheoriesIntroductionThe two psychological personality theories have a number of similarities and differences. As such, this essay transcends a discussion of a comparison between dispositional and learning personality theories. Also, the paper will address the differences between the two personality theories regarding personality, interpersonal relationships, characteristics as well as behaviour. Conventionally, it is evident that individual personality will directly affect the behaviour of one. As such each theory of personality entails characteristics ascribed to it.Role of Personality in Affecting Situational BehaviourDispositional TheoryFirst, dispositional personality theory suggests that individuals possess a set of dispositions/temperaments that build up the character of an individual that consequently affects behaviour. Cherry (20 13) stipulates that a trait is defined as a relative characteristic which is stable that can initiate people to behave in a particular way.Dispositional theories encompass Allports theories of individual psychology, and the Trait and Factor Theories by Eysenck, McCrae, and Costa CITATION Fei09 \l 1033 (Feist Feist, 2009)In his article, Feist suggests that traits are manifested in a persons behaviour, consequently, defining them by their traits and characteristics. About the theory stipulated by McCrae and Costa, behaviour is a predictable element when there is sufficient understanding of the three core components; self-concept, central tendencies and trait adaptations, and three secondary ones. The underlying tendencies include that the raw components that affect personality. These basic tendencies of an individual are biological, environmental and are affected by the psychological interventions. As such, the situational behaviour of an individual is consequential of the primary i ndispensable tendencies of an individual. The basic tendencies encompass three personality traits namely cognitive abilities, language acquisition, and sexual orientation. Arguably, Feist and Feist (2009) suggests that the basic tendencies are present due to their biological considerations and their permanence over time as well as situation.Additionally, characteristic adaptations which are modified by the environment, makes behaviour to depend on the environmental factors from situation to situation. Feist and Feist (2009) outlines that characteristic adaptations can be affected by the external influences of the environment in which individual interact. As such these influences are in the form of acquired habits, relationships and attitudes. Also, self-concept affects situational behaviour in that a person views his or herself in one situation as different from the other situation. One situation can make an individual fearful in regards to self-concept, other situations make indivi dual more joyful. Also, in her article, Feist suggest that the peripheral components of the 5-factor personality theory will influence situational behaviour through the interaction of the external influences, adaptations of a particular character and the third peripheral component CITATION Fei09 \l 1033 (Feist Feist, 2009).Learning TheoriesIn comparison to dispositional theories, which are focussed on the individual traits, learning personality theories focus on the observable behaviour of individuals. In this case, the observable behaviour is not only the actions that individual performs and viewed by others, but also it entails feelings and thoughts that other people are observing them. Learning theories include B.F Skinner behaviourist theory, Cognitive Social Learning Theory by Mischel and Rotter, Albert Banduras socio-cognitive theory, and psychology of personal constructs. B.F Skinner suggests that psychology must define behaviour as a basis of the environmental stimuli CI TATION Fle15 \l 1033 (Fleeson Jayawickreme, 2015).Additionally, Skinner suggests that the genetic make-up of an individual have less influence on the behaviour since these factors are present when an individual is born and they cannot be changed. As such, B.F Skinner is a sole believer in the analogy which indicates that the past experiences that individual faces have a greater impact on the behaviour of an individual. Therefore, according to B.F Skinner, and individual behaviour changes on a situation are dependent on individuals past histories. Alternatively, Bandura suggests that individuals tend to control their behaviours through both the external and internal factors CITATION Mis13 \l 1033 (Mischel, 2013).This analogy depicts that these external and internal factors tend to influence the behavioural patterns of individuals in a specific situation depending on a number of factors.Personality Characteristics Attributed to Dispositional and Learning Personality TheoriesAccordin g to Feist and Feist (2009), personality theories constitute two forms, those who view personality as a dynamic entity cultivated by drives, needs, perceptual urges, objectives, and expectations, and those who view personality as a component of relatively stable personal dispositions or traits. Both theories have personality traits attributed to them. In dispositional theories of personality, Allport suggests that mature people are psychologically characterised by pro-active behaviour, in that they have the ability to act on the environment in innovative ways as well as making the environment react to their actions. On the other hand, the Eysenck theory and five-factor theory share the same idea that psychometric makeup of an individual cannot measure the ultimate structure of human personality and that factor analytic methods are worthless when they are not interconnected with the biological existence CITATION Fle15 \l 1033 (Fleeson Jayawickreme, 2015).Second, learning theories of personality indicate that individual behaviours are shaped by different ways of learning a construct. Arguably, B.F Skinner argues that some personality traits are passed through from one generation to another. Reminiscent of B.F Skinner views, Albert Bandura believed that people learn through personal experiences, although, he propagates that they do so in vicarious learning. Furthermore, other learning and dispositional theories suggest that people have little control to their situations which depict a pattern of behaviours. As such, Richel refutes that individuals have the core or central traits, but he relates that people can change and form personality traits through learning. Cognitive-Affective Theory suggests that behaviour originates from the cognitive-affective processes and the personal dispositional traits which interact with a specific situation. Alternatively, Kelly suggests that the personality of an individual is moulded by the personal interpretations and meanin g of a particular situation.Interpersonal Relational Aspects of the Two TheoriesDispositional personality theories dole out individuals to vario...

Advantages and Disadvantages of Providing International Aid to Poor Countries

Advantages and Disadvantages of Providing International Aid to Poor Countries It is human nature to preserve oneself in the first place. Still, we have some good traits that make us reach out to help those in need. We do this as individuals, as communities and even as nations. The outcome of giving international aid to poor countries has both advantages and disadvantages. We will briefly consider the disadvantages and the advantages below. One of the disadvantages of providing aid to poor countries is that they begin to depend on it. When they are at the mercy of developed countries, the rich nations can start imposing their ideas and ideologies on them. Much of the proliferation of arms and weapons in underdeveloped nations came from the developed countries which were providing help in exchange for enough room to set up their military bases. While poorer nations can be helped and developed by aid from richer nations aid, they can also be exploited when the benefactors have ulterior motives. This is one of the main disadvantages for poor countries receiving aid from richer nations. On the other hand, there are a lot of advantages to receiving aid that can offset the disadvantages to a great extent. One of the most obvious benefits is the amount of progress that a poor nation can make as soon as it receives aid. The money can be used for feeding people, providing medical care, good education and a lot of other important things that would not be possible if they didn’t receive the aid. Therefore, international aid can be put to effective use in many ways to help a needy nation. Although there are advantages as well as disadvantages to providing aid, the advantages far outweigh some of the negative issues that are involved in the process.

Registrar Of Births, Deaths And Marriages - 1436 Words

CASE NOTE ASSIGNMENT: I INTRODUCTION Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages (NSW) v Norrie (2014) 250 CLR 490 established an express recognition of a person’s sex being other than male or female. Chief Justice Robert French, Justice Ken Hayne, Susan Kiefel, Virginia Bell and Patrick Keane formed the Bench at the High Court of Australia. II PROCEDURAL HISTORY Norrie requested a review of the Registrar’s refusal to record her sex as â€Å"non-specific† . The Administrative Decisions Tribunal and its Appeal Panel however supported the Registrar’s decision . This judgement was held on the premises that the Registrar had no explicit power to register her sex as any other than that of â€Å"male† or â€Å"female†, under the presumptions of the Act. The case was then taken to the Supreme Court of New South Wales under s 119 of the Administrative Decisions Tribunal Act 1997 (NSW) , where the Court decided in Norrie’s favour. It was stated that, ‘Gender should not be regarded merely as a matter of chromosomes. It is partly a psychological question, one of self-perception, and partly a social question, how society perceives the individual.’ The Court ordered a remittal to the Tribunal, ordering further investigation on Norrie’s specific sex classification. This was done due to the belief that the Act proposed that Norrie might be classified by a category other than male or female, particularly, â€Å"intersex†, â€Å"transgender† or â€Å"androgynous†. III FACTS In 1989, Norrie had undertaken aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of A Public Works Department In The Village Of Lake Success732 Words   |  3 PagesVillage residents also have a right to use a number of services provided by the Town of North Hempstead because they have to pay them taxes as well. 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Emergent and Early Literacy for Oral Language - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEmergent and Early Literacy for Oral Language. Answer: Selection of texts The texts are to be selected in a way that will be helpful for the designing of the variety of resources that can be easy comprehending for the emergent learners. The various texts will include the reading inventories, oral language, comprehension reading attitudes, reading surveys. The educators can give the gift of their students with texts that can be narrative, informational, digital and that vary with the semiotic and linguistic characteristics that in future will increase their knowledge in a particular language and improve their grades. Narrative texts The narrative texts will include the teaching of reading aloud. Reading aloud through narration will gain the literacy skills and also will develop their vocabulary. The reading aloud among the students could be of any interesting topic such as about Caterpillar to Butterfly by Laura Marsh which is good for independent reading. This way of narrative text will very well explain to the kids the beautiful way of changing of caterpillar to butterfly. Vocabulary can also be concentrated by highlighting them to the students and making contextual questions and inference with it.(Berman, 2017). Informational texts The learning procedure will here depend on the instructions and the learning of informations from the leveled books like Bye Bye Butterfly by Andrew Lawson. This is done by using venn diagrams and explain the stories to the students. On understanding the cause and effect related to any particular topic they will also gain knowledge in the logical reasoning for learning the texts. (Giroir et al, 2015). Digital texts The another way that the students can comprehend the learning is based on the digital text. The digital text is educating them through internet or making them use computers. The information should be customized that will be easier for them. The digital texts like butterfly facts found in the kids connect are interesting stories (kids.sandiegozoo.org, 2017). Research based reading and writing- The research based reading and writing will help develop the power of decoding, fluency and comprehending a particular language. The texts in research should be in systematic pattern that will form the literacy skills among the students. The research based text will be such that is will not only increase the knowledge of the alphabet but will also the children gain emergent literacy knowledge. That is they have the skills of reading and writing prior they have become the conventional authors (Roskos, 2017). These will include the following Buddy reading Environment reading Direct phonics instruction Phonic games The relation of the texts to the cognitive and noncognitive powers of the student In the context of the emergent learning among the students the educator must know about the cultures and all the details of the students. The selection of texts will be the way t that might understand the cognitive and noncognitive aspects of the children. The cognitive skills of the students will help them develop enthusiasm. The cognitive characteristic will be through oral language, concepts of prints and listening comprehension. The non cognitive way is to increase the motivation of reading and through literacy self concept. The narrative texts and the informational texts will be provided on the basis of their cognitive powers. The stories that are read to them in the form of narration will make them smarter in the texts. The spontaneous conversation will help them in focusing of learning that will help them with their non-cognitive skills. Common core standard The text that is to be selected is on the basis of first exploring the common core. According to the common core standard the main goal is to make the students comprehend with the English language arts, science and technical subject standards. The techniques will include the components like the reading, writing, speaking, listening, language and media and technology. The texts that are delivered must be presentable such that it can develop logical arguments (Newman, Degener Wu, 2015). Analyzing and selecting text Semiotics is the most descriptive and applied in the field to sweep views . The semiotic analysis of the drama is the most influencing. They may also include the coded process involving production of the signs. The narrative will fall in both the semiotics and linguistic development. The informational texts will mainly increase the linguistics. The linguistic learning goes hand in hand with the semiotic learning. The semiotic which is the sign study could be successfully done with the selection of texts through the narration of any particular interesting topic. The problem according to the analyzing and selecting text media program there the main problem that came up was the complexity in texts that became difficulty for the students to learn. The language must be easy and interesting for the students (Silverman, 2016). Facilitate the student writing The texts of the narrative and interesting informational will make the students increase the habit of the writing. The topic should be attractive enough. The writing habit can only increase their power of clarity and style in the language. References Berman, R. A. (2017). Developing form/function relations in narrative texts.Lenguas modernas, (24), 45-58. Butterfly facts for kids. (2017).kids.sandiegozoo.org. Retrieved 29 July 2017, from https://kids.sandiegozoo.org/animals/insects/butterfly Giroir, S., Grimaldo, L. R., Vaughn, S., Roberts, G. (2015). Interactive Read?Alouds for English Learners in the Elementary Grades.The Reading Teacher,68(8), 639-648. Newman, M., Degener, S., Wu, X. (2015). How are teachers using primary sources to meet Common Core literacy standards in English/Language Arts, Social Studies, and Science?. Roskos, K. A. (Ed.). (2017).Play and literacy in early childhood: Research from multiple perspectives. Routledge. Silverman, D. (Ed.). (2016).Qualitative research. Sage.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich (1894-1971), Soviet Communist Leader, W

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich (1894-1971), Soviet Communist leader, who was first secretary of the Soviet Communist party from 1953 to 1964 and premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1958 to 1964. Born in Kalinovka, the son of a miner, Khrushchev worked in his early years as a shepherd and locksmith. After serving in the czarist army in World War I (1914-1918) and participating in the Russian Revolution, he joined the Communist party and the Red Army in 1918 and fought in the civil war. He attended a Communist party high school in 1921 and was active as a party organizer until 1929. For the next two years he attended the Industrial Academy in Moscow. Khrushchev advanced rapidly in the party, becoming a member of the Central Committee in 1934. From 1935 to 1937, as first secretary of the Moscow Regional Committee, he directed the industrialization program of the second five-year plan. In 1938 he was transferred to the Ukraine as first secretary of the Ukrainian party organization and made a provisional member of the party Politburo; he became a full member in 1939 and was also appointed to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. During World War II (1939-1945) Khrushchev headed the political department of the Red Army on the southern front. In 1944, after the Germans were driven from the Ukraine, he was entrusted with restoring agricultural production, establishing order, and punishing traitors. Returning to Moscow in 1949, he was appointed a member of the Secretariat of the party's Central Committee. Subsequently he emerged as the foremost Soviet agricultural expert. After the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953, Khrushchev became first secretary of the Central Committee, in effect the head of the Communist party of the USSR. A struggle for power ensued between Khrushchev; Georgy Malenkov, head of the government; and Lavrenty Beria, head of the secret police (known as the KGB). Malenkov and Khrushchev, along with many members of the government, wanted to reduce the power of the KGB, which had operated with virtually no constraints throughout the Stalin era. Beria, in contrast, wanted to increase the KGB's political power. The party supported Malenkov and Khrushchev, and Beria was arrested and executed in 1953. Khrushchev was able to outmaneuver Malenkov because Khruschev controlled the party apparatus; he had appointed many of its members, and they were loyal to him. In 1955 Malenkov resigned. In 1956, during the 20th Party Congress, Khrushchev took an unprecedented step and denounced Stalin and his methods. Khrushchev accused Stalin of being responsible for mass murders and deportations, the German invasion during World War II, and the USSR's break with Yugoslavia. Khrushchev's motivations for this de-Stalinization were complex. He wanted to bring the rule of law back to the government, but he also wanted to eliminate competition within the party. Although Khrushchev had himself been involved in Stalin's purges and terrorism, he was able to implicate many of Stalin's top men who bore even more responsibility for these crimes. Khrushchev's de-Stalinization efforts, however, dealt only with false trials and forced confessions of Communist party members. They did not address the millions of average citizens who were murdered or imprisoned by Stalin. Consequently, de-Stalinization lifted only slightly the fear and sense of oppression instilled over three decades. Domestically, Khrushchev's biggest challenge was agriculture. The government's grain forecasts were not very realistic; they were based on years with high production, and actual production frequently fell short of the predictions. Khrushchev opened up large sections of virgin land in Siberia, the Ural Mountains, and Kazakstan to farming, but production was hampered by problems with climate, choice of crop, and lack of equipment and labor. Khrushchev worked to improve living standards in the USSR, creating a minimum wage in 1956 and building large housing complexes. In foreign affairs, Khrushchev advocated peaceful coexistence with the West, while continuing the USSR's strong control over Eastern Europe. Civil unrest in Poland in 1956 was resolved without military conflict; in contrast, Soviet troops invaded Hungary the same year to crush an uprising and place a Communist, pro-Soviet government in control. Relations with the United States were tense because Khrushchev favored nuclear weapons over conventional armies. These tensions culminated during the Cuban missile crisis of 1962, when the United States demanded that the USSR remove nuclear missiles that it had placed in Cuba. After several very strained days, the USSR agreed. Khrushchev lost support from the KGB and the conservative members of the Communist party when he denounced Stalin, and he alienated the military by advocating defense

Polymorphic essays

Polymorphic essays The generation of today is growing up in a fast-growing, high-tech world which allows us to do the impossibilities of yesterday. With the help of modern telecommunications and the rapid growth of the personal computer in the average household we are able to talk to and share information with people from all sides of the globe. However, this vast amount of information transport has opened the doors for the computer "virus" of the future to flourish. As time passes on, so-called "viruses" are becoming more and more adaptive and dangerous. No longer are viruses merely a rarity among computer users and no longer are they mere nuisances. Since many people depend on the data in their computer every day to make a living, the risk of catastrophe has increased tenfold. The people who create computer viruses are now becoming much more adept at making them harder to detect and eliminate. These so-called "polymorphic" viruses are able to clone themselves and change themselves as they need to avo id detection. This form of "smart viruses" allows the virus to have a form of artificial intelligence. To understand the way a computer virus works and spreads, first one must understand some basics about computers, specifically pertaining to the way it stores data. Because of the severity of the damage that these viruses may cause, it is important to understand how anti-virus programs go about detecting them and how the virus itself adapts to meet the ever changing conditions of a computer. In much the same way as animals, computer viruses live in complex environments. In this case, the computer acts as a form of ecosystem in which the virus functions. In order for someone to adequately understand how and why the virus adapts itself, it must first be shown how the environment is constantly changing and how the virus can interact and deal with these changes. There are many forms of computers in the world; however, for simplicitys sake, this paper ...

Analyzing and Writing Cases Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Analyzing and Writing Cases - Article Example In general, the selection of strategy consists of a number of approaches. In organizational context, the choice of the approach relies on several factors such as the current situation of the company, the resources of the company, competencies and policies of the organization, risk tolerance potential, internal clashes, extent of external reliance and expected competitive response among others. With due consideration to these factors, the alternative strategies that have been recommended for Edward Jones comprise of a combination of expansion as well as product development strategy. The present day business environment is altering continuously due to the inclusion of new entrants, the development of substitutes and enhanced performance of competitors and so on. As a result, Edward Jones might require discovering ways to mitigate threats from rivals and ascertain that is benefits from its persistent customer loyalty. Some of the organizational strategies to consolidate the business cou ld be enhancing the product or service quality, building better associations with customers so as to understand and meet their needs efficiently resulting in augmented customer loyalty. External Assessment The financial services industry functions on the principle of the trade-off between risk and return. The retail brokerage industry had made it possible for individual investors to invest in various financial securities, for instance stocks and bonds. This industry has evolved over the years and many factors such as increase in the worth of stock market, advent of technology and internet, increasing need of individuals to save for their future as a result of rise in the life expectancy level and rising expenses have contributed towards its rapid growth. Due to the rising competition in the market, diversification of investor needs and the increasing expectations of the customers, the retail brokerage industry primarily focuses on customer service. There exists a high level of conve rgence in the retail brokerage industry, which permits the companies to bundle their products as well as offer discounts. The rationale behind the convergence is that it is more cost-effective to cross-sell products. Moreover, the consolidation of the products results in shared information technology and elevated switching costs and acts as a major opportunity for the industry participants. The retail brokerage industry is highly correlated with the stock exchange market. The increase in the value of stock markets across the world has provided the industry with immense growth opportunity and would continue to do so. With the rise in the number of individual investors looking forward to make investments in various types of financial assets, the industry has huge growth potential. Though the industry has immense growth potential, the risky business practices that are the part of financial services organizations could bring about a stock market slump and adversely affect the retail bro kerage industry. This is a major threat that the retail brokerage industry has to encounter. The instances of focus on short term benefits is more in the financial sector, as the managers of such organizations want to please their stock holders by providing them superior immediate returns. However, in doing so, more often than not the managers ignore the long-term sustainable

OPERATIONS AND LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

OPERATIONS AND LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT - Assignment Example Starting with a general definition of manufacturing process, manufacturing processes are a collection of methods that converts â€Å"naturally occurring raw materials into desired end-products† (Harrington, 1984). In other words, raw materials are collected and by means of a chain of production activities, are converted into end-products. A rather precise definition is given by Halevi (1999): â€Å"the manufacturing process is a chain of activities directed toward meeting a set of objectives defined by management.† The objectives include development and production of products, production of customer-designed products, and reproduction of products manufactured in the past. Although manufacturing environments differ due to the differences in industry types, the fundamental principles of manufacturing processes remain similar and common to all industry types. Classification of manufacturing processes primarily includes two broad categories: shaping and non-shaping processes, or rather specifically, primary shaping and secondary shaping processes. Primary shaping processes are also known as basic manufacturing processes, which are the oldest manufacturing processes and still the most used processes. These manufacturing processes are used to produce or manufacture a product directly to its usable form without any machining. So these processes are relatively cheaper. Examples of products made by using primary shaping processes include cast-iron articles, hot-rolled metal products such as channels, rods, bar stocks, etc. Secondary shaping processes are usually carried out for further refinement of products manufactured from the primary shaping processes. Some of the examples of products made by using secondary shaping processes are the hot-rolled products that are required to undergo further refinement in shape and size. This paper will focus particularly on the casting processes. Casting, also known as metal casting, is one of the

Fukushima Earthquake And Tsunami 2011 Essay Example for Free

Fukushima Earthquake And Tsunami 2011 Essay In March 2011, Japan was struck by a magnitude 9.0 earthquake and a following tsunami. Authorities concluded that the earthquake was the cause of the Pacific plate releasing the friction built up after years converged under the North American plate (as shown in figure 3) along the fault line that lies kilometres away from Japan’s coastline. (Urbano, 2011)This caused the friction to spread through the ground-and what was originally said to be a magnitude 6.6 earthquake through the evaluation of incomprehensive readings from seismometers- shook Japan for over five minutes. The resulting tsunami was triggered by the explosive energy released by the earthquake. However, its damage was minimized by 10m high sea walls and the modeling of buildings along the coast, which had applied various scientific techniques to reduce impact from waves on actual buildings. Macintosh HD:Users:160161:Desktop:Unknown-1.jpeg Earthquakes are a very significant problem around the globe and can cause havoc through towns. The Japan earthquake and following tsunami resulted in 20000 deaths and caused the destruction of entire towns and many coastal areas of the country- the most notably being the TÅhoku region in Honshu. (Pletcher, 2013) A large percentage of the damage and lives lost could have been avoided if sciences techniques in detecting earthquakes- such as seismometers- would have alerted authorities in advance rather than minutes before the earthquake struck, as well as conveyed more accurate readings. Around the globe scientists and organisations have attempted to develop method of detecting earthquakes so that maximum damage can be prevented. Currently, around the globe seismometers, sea walls and building modeling are used to detect earthquakes through the readings of seismic waves. This scientific solution has potential to minimise damage from earthquakes and tsunamis around the globe if implemented correctly and its negatives minimized. The Application of Science To Detect Earthquakes and Consequently Prevent Damage-Seismometers Earthquakes can be detected by measuring the frequency of the seismic waves in a particular area using a scientific device such as a seismometer. Seismic waves are circular waves (see figure 4) created by the back and forth movement that occurs when an earthquake shakes the ground, thus releasing waves. A magnitude 8 or 9 earthquake- like the one in Japan 2011, are caused due to the faster and rapider movement of the ground. This releases a higher frequency of seismic waves that can be detected by scientific instruments like a seismometer-just as they were during the Fukushima earthquake. The science behind the implementation of seismometers in earthquake prone areas such as Japan is that they use the basic principal of inertia to detect seismic waves in the earth’s surface. They consist of a ground motion detection sensor and a recording system. In a simple seismometer’s detection system, a weight and a spring are suspended from a frame that moves along with the earth’s surface. As the earth moves, the relative motion between the weight and the earth, which is caused by seismic waves is measured by the recording system which consists of a rotating drum attached to the frame, (as shown in diagram 1) and a pen attached to the mass. This pencil moves along with the weight and the spring, leaving lines along the drum, which can be interpreted into determining the frequency of seismic waves and the magnitude of the coming earthquake by authorities.(Braile, 2000)Modern seismometers are electronic, and instead of using a pen and drum, the seismic activity generates an electrical voltage that is recorded by a computer. The reason why Japanese authorities and other nations around the world choose this science to help detect earthquakes is because it allows them to determine before hand when an earthquake is going to happen. Seismographs gather information over a long period of time and the patterns in the seismic wave frequency are easily analyzable. Seismometers were implemented in Japan’s coastline by local authorities with readings going to computers where the data from seismic waves was analyzed. This brought to the early conclusions that the earthquake was a magnitude 6.6 and later upgraded to 9.0 from further readings showing an increase in movement within the ground. Seismometers also bring a change in scientific research about certain regions and their risk to earthquakes, as it allows for research to be collected at various points before, during and after an earthquake, so that warnings can be sent out in advance next time or before an aftershock. (Dea, 2003) The Effectiveness of Detection/Damage Prevention Techniques Used In Japan Seismometers- Science’s solution to the problem-can be used to detect earthquakes and their location so that maximum damage can be prevented. In theory, scientists in Japan should have been able to pick up the earthquakes where about, magnitude and timing from the seismic activity under the earth’s surface that should have been detected by numerous seismometers located on the Pacific Ocean’s seabed. Scientists can use the readings gathered- based on the frequency of the waves-to calculate the magnitude of the earthquake before it reaches by working out the difference in arrival between two waves from tree different seismometers. (BBC, 2013) If the gap between the two arrivals is shorter, then the magnitude of the earthquake is also higher. Fukushima scientists also used this method to determine the exact location of the earthquakes epicentre through the process of triangulation in which they determine the distance travelled by waves at each of the three seismomet ers and pinpoint the centre (as shown in diagram 2). Seismometers certainly helped to detect the Fukushima earthquake. Evidence shows that almost a thousand lives were saved due to seismometers monitoring the Pacific seabed. They proved effective in saving lives because they were able to pick up the sudden seismic activity in the ground. The detection allowed scientists back in Japan to sound an alarm minutes before the earthquake arrived in Japan. However, the initial alarm was quite inaccurate, as it was originally sounded for a 6.6 magnitude earthquake. Over the last century around the world, scientists concluded that 9/10 times seismometers were initially incorrect in detecting the magnitude of the numerous earthquakes (Strevens, 2011). Seismometers also have many more limitations, which cause for the technology to be deemed ineffective at times and can be used to partially explain some of the issues that occurred in Japan- issues that could have been avoided. Unlike NASA’s InSAR satellite technology that can detect earthquakes day before they occur (due to its ability to detect even 1cm of movement within the earth) (NASA, 2011), seismometers are only able to detect earthquakes minutes before they happen and the only way scientists can actually issue a warning in advance is if they look closely at the patterns in previous earthquakes or try and interpret seismic readings days before and see if there are any abnormalities. The limitations of possible inaccuracy with data and late warnings made the use of the seismometers quite ineffective during the earthquake. Although seismometers are able to pinpoint the exact location of the epicentre so that aftershocks can be predicted and are able to give a few minutes of warning about the magnitude, it is a scientific device that’s success can easily be affected by influence human error plays in analyzing its data on computers. Sea walls were implemented in Japan to protect its coastal cities from tsunamis. The science behind them is that its strong concrete material, from which it is made of, should be able to block the force of a tsunami. Their height- 10 metres above sea level- were supposed to be sufficient to stop most tsunamis as evidence shows that it is very rare in any part of the world for a tsunami over 10m to a region that is not directly over the fault line. However, if a tsunami were to reach such heights, the sea walls success would be limited greatly. A positive of their use though, is that their success is largely predictable as they do not require any electronic systems to function and nor do they have any human influence. Macintosh HD:Users:160161:Desktop:Screen Shot 2013-10-27 at 6.40.21 PM.png Sea walls proved ineffective in Japan as the tsunami proved to also be 10 metres tall due to the water being very deep in the region. This allowed the tsunami to build up its waves and when the tsunami’s biggest waves arrived at the coast of Japan, they were 1m taller than the walls event though they were still only 10m tall. (Tran, 2013) This was due to the fact that the coastline had dropped by a metre and also moved three metres out to sea. (As shown in figure 5) This outside influence limited the success of the walls greatly and although- in many other tsunamis sea wall have effectively haltered tsunamis due to their concrete strength and height- the tsunami of 2011 flooded into Japan killing thousands that could not escape in the few moments of warning. Sciences Interaction With The Environment The environment has minimal impact on the application and effectiveness of seismometers and sea walls. As seismometers are not affected by an areas air pollution, vegetation or climate, the environment does not play a significant role in positively or negatively affecting the detection ability of seismometers. However there are still a few minor factors- particularly in Japan- that can somewhat prevent an earthquake from being detected accurately. Due to Japans vulnerable earthquake-prone region being located along the Pacific Ocean’s coastline, many low intensity stress waves created by natural noises and ocean waves have the ability to be detected by seismometers. This is because seismometers can detect and measure motions with frequencies from 500 Hz to 0.00118 Hz- a large enough range to detect ocean waves- particularly in the Pacific Ocean. This could have a negative effect on the effectiveness of science’s solution. Negatively, seismometers could be alerting Japan ese authorities every time tidal waves and ocean currents strengthen, thus triggering alarm bells constantly. A positive effect that the Japanese environment has on damage preventing solutions such as sea walls is that the Japanese coastline has numerous mountain and hill landforms. The many hills and low mountains located in Japans coastal region (sea figure 6)-especially where the Fukushima earthquake struck-help to prevent damage due to there significant height above sea levels. This environmental benefit was evident during the 2011 earthquake as authorities guided civilians to high ground so that when the tsunami arrived and the sea walls failed, the landforms saved a few hundred lives. (ONISHI, 2011)This was because the 10m height of the tsunami eventually deteriorated by the time it reached the landforms, thus preventing further damage from occurring. As mentioned above, the environment has minimal influence on the application and effectiveness of seismometers and sea walls, although sea walls do have an effect on the environment. To construct and implement sea walls, natural, agricultural and grassland is destroyed to make way for them. Sea walls require a large amount of space (width and length) if they are to be firm, sturdy and cover a large proportion of the coastline. They also negatively impact the climatic environment as their height to some extent interrupts the sea breeze that Japan receives from the ocean. This means that locations near the walls will be drier in the already tropical climate and environment. Once again these negative effects on Japan’s environment are not significant factors although if these scientific damage prevention measures were not present in Japan 2011, the environment would have been damaged greatly like it was in some towns that were destroyed completely. Economic Interaction Sciences detection and damage prevention solutions have a profound effect on the economy of Japan. The Japanese government invests billions (USD) in coastal defenses such as sea walls and warning systems every year. These expensive devices further cost governments around the world millions whenever a warning and consequent evacuation occurs. For example, since Hawaiis Pacific Tsunami Warning Center was established in 1948, about 75 percent of warnings that resulted in costly evacuations turned out to be false alarms (Pendick, 2012). A positive effect that Japan’s economy has on seismometers and warning systems is that it can afford to research deep into ways on improving the technology, as well as, fund the expensive costs involved with implementing and running them. There is very little limitations that Japan’s economy poses to seismometers as the economy is very stable and has been for the last decade without fluctuating too much (see graph 1), thus allowing for billions to be invested. This allows the government to invest in earthquake damage prevention devices so that when an earthquake strikes, damage costs can be kept to a minimum. Seismometers and damage prevention devices have a major influence on the economy. When the earthquake of 2011 struck and damage was high- especially from the burst reactor in the Fukushima Nuclear Plant- Japan’s tourism industry suffered greatly. This had a chain reaction on the economy with a major dip in Japan’s GDP (as shown in graph 1) during the period. Conclusion For many years now, scientists have attempted to come up with ways to detect and consequently, prevent earthquakes with measured success- especially in the Fukushima earthquake of 2011. Although the application of science through the use of seismometers potentially saved thousands of lives in the few minutes of warning, it’s accuracy and timing was not enough to stop a nuclear disaster. The 10m sea walls that were located around Japans shoreline also proved ineffective as the tsunami soared over them, leaving all types of buildings to be struck down by the shear force of the waves. However, scientists continue to apply their knowledge of earthquakes, tectonic movement and seismic waves so that they can enhance this solution for future earthquakes around the globe. Seismometers and sea walls fit into the world environment nicely as they do not affect it, but rather help to prevent damage occurring to it, whilst the modeling of buildings simply has the same impact as normal buildings do. Economic wise though, billions of dollars are put into the science and evidence shown from Japan might suggest, too much money for fairly inconclusive success. There are some variables in science that we can’t control, but what can be controlled is minimizing their damage to civilization through the processes of detecting and preventing damage. Bibliography BBC. (2013). Seismic waves. Retrieved October 28, 2013, from BBC Bitesize: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/waves_earth/seismicwavesrev2.shtml Braile, L. (2000, November). SEISMOMETER. Retrieved October 28, 2013, from Explorations In Earth Science: http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~braile/edumod/handseis/handseis.htm Dea, J. (2003, August 11). Anticipating Earthquakes. Retrieved October 27, 2013, from NASA Science: http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2003/11aug_earthquakes/ Densmore, A. (2011, March 14). Sendai earthquake and tsunami disaster . Retrieved October 29, 2013, from Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience: http://ihrrblog.org/2011/03/14/sendai-earthquake-and-tsunami-disaster/ Doedens, P. (2013, September 20). MAGNITUDE-5.3 QUAKE HITS FUKUSHIMA. Retrieved October 25, 2013, from Fukushima Update: http://fukushimaupdate.com/magnitude-5-9-quake-hits-fukushima/ Kong, S. C. (2013, March 20). Japans Economy. Retrieved November 2, 2013, from The Market Oracle: http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article39557.html Kordian. (2012, May 8). Natural Disaster . Retrieved November 1, 2013, from Oxonian Globalist: http://toglobalist.org/2012/05/risky-business-uncovering-catastrophic-insurance-risks-in-2012/ NASA. (2011). Anticipating Earthquakes-InSAR Satellites . Retrieved October 28, 2013, from NASA Science: http://www.google.com.au/search?client=safarirls=enq=why+did+seismometers+pick+the+japan+earthquake+as+magnetide+6.6ie=UTF-8oe=UTF-8gws_rd=crei=jMhwUtjfJcW_kQXUiYCQBQ#q=why+did+seismometers+pick+the+japan+earthquake+as+magnitude+6.6rls=en ONISHI, N. (2011, March 13). Seawalls Offered Little Protection Against Tsunami’s Crushing Waves. Retrieved October 27, 2013, from The New York Times: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/14/world/asia/14seawalls.html?pagewanted=all_r=0 Pendick, D. (2012). Catching a Tsunami in the Act. Retrieved November 2, 2013, from Savage Earth: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/savageearth/tsunami/html/sidebar1.html Macintosh HD:Users:160161:Desktop:Screen Shot 2013-11-04 at 11.43.28 AM.png

Violence and Rock & Roll: Hand in Hand? :: essays research papers fc

Violence and Rock & Roll: Hand in Hand? People that have been to concerts know what kind of damage goes on, and how many innocent people are hurt by the violence that goes on at these shows. This is something that needs to end. Many people have been punched, kicked, shoved, thrown, hit by flying objects, fallen, trampled, crushed and, sadly in many cases, sexually assaulted. Concert-goers have suffered from concussions, wounds, rape, and death. All this violence can be ended, but it’s getting worse and worse by the day. The more the fans get out of hand, the more injuries people will undergo. Many people don’t want to go to concerts any more, because of the fact that there is too much hostility.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Concerts nowadays are too brutal. This violence needs to end. Even the artists that play at these shows are outraged by this aggression. Even they want to make this end. â€Å"Concerts get such a band name, because of all the [violence] and everything like that,† said Limp Bizkit (a ‘flavor-of-the-month’ band) guitarist Wes Borland. Sprains and broken bones resulting from moshing (a violent form of â€Å"dance† in which fans careen off one another) and crowd surfing (a practice in which fans are passed over head by the members of the crowd) have been common at concerts for many years. As many people remember at Woodstock ’99 the destruction at the festival was at its peak. This shows how degraded popular culture has become. â€Å"The thing that I felt was unfair, in the follow-up in the press, was the demonization of a generation,† said guitarist Tom Morello of, a popular band, Rage Against the Machine, â€Å"There was jus t this vilification of a whole generation and the bands that they like, based on this concert. I think it’s ridiculous.† (Arizona Republic, 10-3-99) But who’s to say that this violent behavior doesn’t go on at other concerts? Well, in fact it does.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One trend that has occurred at concerts, are the numbers of sexual assaults. Many girls have been groped, sexually harassed, beat, and even in many cases raped. Just at Woodstock ’99 alone there were 8 sex offences, which included an alleged mosh pit rape, which police were aware of. Tom Morello also added that, â€Å"The one thing that is absolutely unforgivable or unpardonable are the reported sexual assaults.†(Arizona Republic; Phoenix; Oct. 3, 1999) The mosh pit scene at a recent Vans Warped Tour show in Asbury Park, N.

Compare or Contrast Public and Private Companies

In today’s highly commercial world, one of the key objectives of starting a business is to make profit. While this might be true and important to every business, â€Å"most people believe that a business should not focus solely on profitability, but on the quality of products and services it offers to its customers†.This essay will discuss the various perspectives on the topic and will to a large extent agree with the view that businesses should not just focus on profit, by looking at customer desire for high quality product and their willingness to pay, then highlighting how focus on quality can lead to lower cost of product and profitability; as well as how quality influence organisation to be socially responsible, sustainable and profitable.First, a strong reason to concentrate on improving quality of product or services of an organisation is the fact that customers desires high quality good, and are willing to pay for value added. This was corroborated by (Nagar and Rajan 2001), who found out that â€Å"poor product quality reduces customer goodwill and loyalty which in turn affects future revenues as dissatisfied customers take their business elsewhere or pay less for the firm’s product. Such a product and the firm producing it acquire a bad reputation since poor product quality leaves a lasting impression on the consumer who perceives it as a low quality brand. In order for a product to be a perceived as a premium brand, a firm must continually improve on the quality of its products or services. A satisfied customer base lead to good brand perception and will open the door to numerous repeated purchases and referrals which will in turn help the firm to grow its market share, become more competitiveness and increase its profitability.Focusing on quality significantly lowers cost of production at long run. Operations Management (Russell and Taylor, 2000) explains that, manufacturing of products to a high quality standard through implem entation of quality management system have a large impact on overall quality cost reduction, it also argues that it saves time and money by reducing the amount of defective products that could result in wastes, thereby lowering significantly the costs of production, as well as cost to re-work defective products.Without a quality management system, poor-quality and defective products may finds their way into the market, through to the customer leading to warranty claims, product returns and in extreme litigation from product liability or injury to the customer. This may have a serious financial implication to the company as the costs associated with product recall and warranties would be enormous and in extreme case the damages imposed due to litigation could make the company insolvent, leading to a total collapse.However, an opposing view on this is that profit maximization is should be the main focus of the business as long as it pays its taxes and operates within the ambit of the law (Friedman, 1962). Certainly, this view may have worked for organisations in the 1800’s; it definitely does not apply in today’s modern and globalised world. The perspective is not only very narrow in view; it also fails to take into consideration other stakeholders who are affected by its activities of, but can also affect its existence.To these types of organisations, making ethical decisions is seen only from the viewpoint costly and profit. Organisations operating for profit alone are yet to appreciate the advantages of good corporate social responsibility and capitalize on it to grow their businesses in a sustainable and socially responsible manner. This drive for profit has led many to slash of employee’s benefits and salaries benefits; pollute the environment and cause permanent damage to the ecosystem all in bid to improve their bottom-line and many have earned a very bad reputation, suffer product boycott and tarnish their corporate image.In concludi ng this essay, as much as profit is very essential to the survival of a business, I want to agree that businesses should focus more on the improving quality of its products or services. This can be clearly seen to from the fact customer expects high quality at good value always, and because improving the quality will eventually bring down cost of production for a company. As well, quality focus drives a company to take ethical decisions and operate in a socially responsible and sustainable manner.It may be tempting for a business to sacrifice quality in order maximize its profit. However, it benefits will only be in the short term. A simple focus on profit maximization could destroy the continued existence of the business, not to mention the society in which it operates. A firm aiming extreme profit might purposefully cut corners during a project, knowing it gets the perks of a better quarter for now; knowing a future management team will have to deal with the damage of spill-induce d lawsuit, fines, and a haul-up to it at the Criminal Court.

Eating Food That Dies - 1900 Words

â€Å"Real food is alive – and therefore it should eventually die† (Food Rules: An Eater’s Manual 29). Foods with seemingly infinite shelf lives continue to reach Americans’ stomachs more frequently than ever before. Their impact on modern day America causes devastating health issues and diseases. Current heart disease, cancer, obesity, and diabetes rates have been drastically increasing since World War II (In Defense of Food 22). Today’s society fails to embrace the lost art of dining. Food manufacturers focus on the convenience of consumption and storage rather than the natural nutritional value of food. In an age when processed food consumption continues to escalate, and chronic diseases follow suit, current trends imply that natural,†¦show more content†¦Fast food restaurants in particular promote nourishing and nutritious dishes without mentioning the overwhelming amount of sodium, calories, and fat in each dish. With many families involved in numerous extra-curricular activities, fast food has become a staple in today’s society. Olive Garden, one of America’s most famous Italian restaurants, advertises â€Å"fresh, delicious Italian food† (â€Å"Who We Are†). While they may be delicious, many dishes at Olive Garden will not provide any health benefit for the consumer (Barnhart). Many of the dishes served, including the â€Å"Chicken Alfredo Pizza,† â€Å"Tour of Italy,† and â€Å"Steak Gorgonzola Alfredo,† have about 1,350 calories and 60 grams of fat each (Barnhart). With a suggested daily caloric intake of 2000 and daily fat intake of 65 grams by the Food and Drug Administration, each dish possesses over half a day’s worth of calories and nearly an entire day’s worth of fat (Barnhart). The â€Å"Chicken Alfredo Pizza† alone contains 3,200 milligrams of sodium, over twice the daily recommendation (Barnhart). Often misleading, many fast food restaurants sell â€Å"healthy† salads no better than their burgers. A McDonald’s Caesar salad without chicken or dressing contains 90 calories, 4 grams of fat, and 180 milligrams of sodium (â€Å"McDonald’s Nutrition Facts Calorie Information†). With grilled chicken, it contains 220 calories, 6 grams of fat, and 890 milligrams of sodium (â€Å"McDonald’s Nutrition Facts Calorie Information†). The crispyShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis Of A Farewell To Arms1581 Words   |  7 PagesA Farewell to Arms is a war novel that follows an American Frederic Henry who is an ambulance driver in Italy volunteering in World War One. What does one generally associate with Italy? Most people would say its food, beautiful sights, romance and pleasant weather. Now, how about World War One? Brutal trench warfare, disease and mechanised killing. 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