The Self Employed Sector In Sri Lanka Tourism Essays

The Self Employed Sector In Sri Lanka Tourism Essays The Self Employed Sector In Sri Lanka Tourism Essay The Self Employed Sector In Sri Lanka Tourism Essay Sri Lanka is an island in the Indian Ocean in South Asia, 65 610 square kg metres in country, divided into nine administrative states. It has a 90 % literate population of about 20 million. Colombo is the capital metropolis of Sri Lanka. The metropolis of Colombo attracts around 1.5 million populations during the daylight in working yearss. It is estimated that approximately 50 % of the transposing population arrives in the metropolis for employment or to prosecute in commercial activities and or to go to educational establishments. The remainder comes to the metropolis for assorted other intents. Colombo is the biggest metropolis in the state and, hence, it attracts people because of its commercial and political significance and it offers better installations in wellness, instruction etc. than any other metropolis in the state. The City of Colombo due to inadequate Infrastructure is beset by jobs of implosion therapy, drainage, clogging of canals, slums and hovels, traffic congestion, street sellers, name board, crouching on unauthorised land, accumulated refuse aggregation and deficiency of public unfastened infinite has compound jobs in the City. In Sri Lanka, there are about 8.5 million labor forces in 2009. About 4.5 million people are engaged in private sector while merely 1.2 million engage in public service. Over 1.7 million migratory workers are engaged in abroad occupations. Self employed labour force in Sri Lanka is estimated to be more than 2.6 million. RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND OBJECTIVE 2.1 Research Problems In concern about ego employed sector in Sri Lanka, street sellers are taking in higher part in the field. Lack of paid employment coupled with poorness in rural countries has pushed people out of their small towns in hunt of a better business in the metropoliss. These peoples do non hold the accomplishments or the instruction to enable them to happen better paid, unafraid employment in the formal sector and they have to remain for work in the informal sector. The rise in the figure of street sellers is mostly due to the deficiency of employment in other sectors. Street sellers are an of import portion of the informal sector non merely because of their Numberss but because of the critical functions they play in this sector. The goods sold by street sellers are cheaper than those offered by the large stores.The goods sold by street sellers are normally consumed by those in the informal sector, as they are inexpensive. Furthermore, a important sum of goods manufactured by little industrial units in the informal sector is marketed through these street sellers. There are about 20,000 peddlers in Colombo entirely, drawn from the poorest sectors of the state s population. This figure could be an underestimate as there is no proper study on the existent figure of street sellers in the metropolis. The addition of unaccredited street sellers is chiefly because the Colombo Municipal Council has stopped publishing licences after 1996 because of security grounds in the state. Most of the sellers are illiterate and have no accomplishments to take up any vacancies in public and private sectors. However, they have to feed their households. Some of them have been engaged in their little concerns for decennaries. Sellers have no option but to utilize public infinites as their workplace. In the other manus history of paving peddlers is linked to political relations. In most metropoliss new sellers come on to the pavings during the clip of elections. This type of actions is allowed by politicians as a manner of demoing gratitude by supplying employment to assorted people who have supported them in their election runs. Though it is illegal local governments are frequently prevented from taking them because of power of the politicians. As a consequence the attempts of consecutive authoritiess to unclutter the metropolis pavings were frequently unsuccessful. 2.2 Research Objective The chief intent of this research is to suggest to the local governments or authorities to evict these street sellers for reconstructing the Colombo metropolis as a modern and beautiful metropolis in line with the bustling capitals of Asia. 3. RESEARCH FIELD Street sellers can be found all over the state. But in this research has concerned about lone capital metropolis in Sri Lanka. In the other metropoliss besides has been faced a job with these sellers. Harmonizing to the Time bound has concerned about informations in capital metropolis. 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In this research I use merely secondary informations. They are, Statistical information from Statistical section in Sri Lanka. Web sites. Information about other states Finance commission studies Colombo Municipal Council Annual studies Colombo Municipal Council News paper articles Email information s 5. RESEARCH LMITATION The restrictions of this research can be identified as follows, 5.1 Secondary informations In sing about topographic point and clip bound I have nt opportunity to utilize primary informations. 5.2 One solution There will be holding other solutions besides to work out this job. But I had merely concerned about one solution for this survey. 6. REGULATIONS REGARDING VENDORS IN SRI LANKA Sing street sellers in Sri Lanka have no legal position to carry on their concerns and they are invariably harassed by the governments. Street peddling in most urban countries is non wholly illegal and sellers can provide their trade on the pavings by paying a day-to-day revenue enhancement to the municipal council. The authorities should take necessary action to take up the issue of a national policy for street sellers 7. HOW IS STREET VENDORS BECOME A PROBLEM TO THE CITY Life Pavement is a public route and non a modesty for bargainers. Thus it should be the sole country of the walkers and no individual has the right to settle in this country on lasting footing. Digesting illegal business of pavings is equal to covering a blow to single freedom of all the walkers to bask a hassle free walk through the streets. Addition to that illegal business of public belongings would be a decease blow to holding a disciplined society. This is the underlying rule behind the thought of the authorities to pulverize unauthorised constructions in all chief metropoliss. There are some jobs in connexion with these street sellers in capital metropolis of Sri Lanka. There are about 20,000 street sellers in Colombo and most of them live in slums around Colombo. Harmonizing to authorities statistics, about 54 per centum of Colombo s occupants are slum inhabitants. The slum inhabitants are increased in every twelvemonth around the Colombo and one grounds for that this street sellers. One of other job is most of these sellers are making illegal concern in these topographic points. There are besides happen felons at dark. Most of the paving concerns are cover for drug pedlars and it is besides no secret that these make-shift constructions are inhabited by procurers and cocottes. Street sellers are besides blamed for the crud. The sellers dispose of their refuse on the paving or on the streets after their street concerns. Sometimes the nutrient is sold wrapped by utilizing paper, and clients throw that paper on the street. Harmonizing to this issue, street refuse s job has a strong relation with street sellers. Municipalities and walkers are concerned about this refuse because of these sellers. Other job is these sellers doing for traffic jobs. Most of roads in Colombo are non so wide. These sellers attract peoples to them and make non concern about route traffic or safety. Some sellers are making concern in roads go againsting route regulations and besides turn into the roads narrow. Today street seller s country has become an eyesore non merely to the tourer but besides to the civilians in the state. Sometimes because of these sellers has non attraction for tourer to the state. 8. Previous SOLUTIONS FOR THESE STREET VENDORS As a consequence the attempts of consecutive authoritiess to unclutter the metropolis pavings were frequently unsuccessful. In the past efforts to free the pavings of peddlers have ended in failure. The payment peddlers were back in no clip with the approvals of politicians. It has been a clear instance of popular political relations excluding the authorities to make the right thing. Consecutive authoritiess tried on a figure of occasions since 1977 to take Colombo s street sellers but backed off in the face of resistance. To the sellers have no alternate chance to keep their lives without street peddling due to the deficiency of formal occupation chances for them. On the other manus, to urban governments and municipal councils besides do non hold proper guideline for their big figure of street sellers. In presents without proper regulation and ordinances can non command these big figure of sellers. 9. INTERNATIONAL CASE In the undermentioned subdivisions, sum up the information on the different two states. 9.1 BANGLADESH Most of South Asiatic developing metropoliss have a big figure of street sellers as an informal trade in the chief urban dealing points every bit good as Dhaka City. Not merely the low-income group but besides the middle-income group of urban inhabitant depends on street seller for shopping in their life. In the Dhaka City Corporation ( DCC ) country 60 % houses are of low-income, 37 % in-between income and the remainder 3 % constitutes high-income houses are in the Dhaka City, Bangladesh. More than 60 % of urban inhabitants depend on urban street sellers. However, Street peddling is non a suited occupation for females in Dhaka City because it is hard to protect them from local leader and local authorization s torment. However, the local authorization has no proper rehabilitation policy for their street sellers. Sometime the authorization evicts them from their country and sellers become idle due to this eviction. However, when the local governments evict the street sellers from urban country it affect to the big figure of urban inhabitants. Particularly, whose lives are being maintained by street sellers or entree stores from the street sellers in their urban live. A big figure of urban inhabitants considerations, street sellers are portion of their lives. The authorization has indicated that street seller is an illegal trade in urban country of Dhaka City. After eviction, the local authorities established the vacation market for street peddling in some persons urban countries. But harmonizing to the seller s sentiment, holiday market does nt hold adequate infinite for the big figure sellers. 9.2 Singapore Degree centigrades: UserscompaqDocumentsNew folderw.jpgC: UserscompaqDocumentsNew folderww.jpg This is a one state in the universe where all street sellers are licensed. It is the responsibility of the Hawkers Department in Singapore to look into that there are no unaccredited peddlers and issue licences to those desiring to peddle goods on the pavings. In 1971, a national programme aimed at constructing nutrient Centres and markets to resettle accredited street nutrient peddlers was taken up. The programme provided basic stall installations and services such as piped drinkable H2O, electricity and refuse aggregation and disposal. By 1996, all street peddlers had been wholly resettled into nutrient Centres and markets. At present there are about 50,000 street sellers in this city state. The peddlers section plays an active function in guaranting that the peddlers keep their environment clean and do non put restraints on walkers. Its functionaries inspect all stables and see that they abide by the Environmental Public Health Act of 1968. It besides organizes regular preparation classs on nutrient and personal hygiene, and nutrition. The composing of the metropolis s street peddling population is altering. There is an outgrowth of younger, better educated street sellers. The alteration is more noticeable in nutrient Hawking. The assortment of nutrient offered is wider than the traditional menu earlier. The younger, educated nutrient sellers are willing to experiment with new international dishes and this has increased their popularity. The authorities decided to upgrade the nutrient stables in the dumbly populated residential countries. By 2006, 65 such Centres were upgraded. Though the rents charged by the authorities have increased, the street sellers still acquire a batch of patronage because the points they sell are cheaper than those sold in stores. One important fact about street sellers in Singapore is that over the past 30 old ages they have helped maintain the cost of populating down since workers, pupils and the poorer subdivisions depend on them for their day-to-day necessities, including their repasts. This is true of other topographic points as good but unluckily the contrivers seldom consider these parts to the local economic system. 10. Policy IMPLICATIONS Eviction of street sellers. Street sellers in all over the state should be evicted by representing the jurisprudence and ordinances. All street sellers should evict to avoid incommodiousness to walkers and maintain the country clean. Illegal business of private or public belongings should non be tolerated at any cost. If we do so it would be a decease blow to holding a disciplined society. Digesting illegal business of pavings is equivalent to covering a blow to single freedom of all the walkers to bask a hassle free walk through the streets. Therefore the determination to unclutter the pavings in all metropoliss is a commendable attempt that should be encouraged by all. Clear all the pavings and relocate the bargainers in new topographic points so that prosaic can travel on the pavings. 10.2 Construct lasting shopping composite. Street sellers eviction from street should supply lasting concern topographic points for them. Therefore, it is the Government s responsibility to give them the protection and security in every possible ways. The object is building of new trade composites for sellers, protect the ego employees public assistance and give them a bright hereafter. 10.3 Business Licenses After replace the concern topographic points should present the new licence system for them. It can be done by local degree or cardinal degree. The local governments did nt bear down revenue enhancement from street sellers because deficiency of responsible for sellers. But after implementing these policies by governments can be charge revenue enhancement from sellers. 11. CONCLUTION Street peddling in most urban countries is non wholly illegal and sellers can provide their trade on the pavings. On closer expression can happen that their destiny is no different from street sellers in Bangladesh and Singapore. Despite deriving some legal acknowledgment, sellers are evicted if the municipal council feels that they cause jobs to the general populace. In most instances in the past evicted sellers are non provided surrogate sites. In sing as decision should supply by local governments or authorities alternate topographic points for sellers to make their concern. Implementing eviction of sellers in the roads can be enjoyed with followerss. Individual freedom of walkers Individual freedom of all the walkers is increased with free walk through the streets. Therefore all will wish the thought of clear pavings with sufficient infinite for walking. Thus the thought of uncluttering the pavings will bask the support of the huge bulk of people. Slum inhabitants In Colombo around 1000 estates of premier land are being usage by slum inhabitants. After implementing policy sing sellers most of these lands besides can take under control of local governments or authorities. By utilizing these lands can present new plans to increase the economical growing of the state. Successful ego employed individuals Because of building of new shopping composite for these sellers it will be utile to bring forth a successful ego employed and create professional work force in the field. Making new employment chances both in the Government and Private sector would non be plenty to cut down unemployment wholly and that advancing self employment avenues would be an of import portion in work outing the unemployment job in the state. Traffic congestion After implementing eviction policy of sellers in the pavings it will be helpful to cut down route traffic besides. The roads in Sri Lanka are non wide. But after eviction of sellers on the paving the bing roads will be plenty to cut down traffic congestion on the roads. Foreign investing Eviction of street sellers in capital metropolis will be helpful for reconstructing the Colombo metropolis as a modern metropolis in line with the bustling capitals of Asia.